It can be sold in a year6Trillion, supply and marketing cooperatives you don't know

The supply and marketing cooperatives not only carry the memories of several generations, but also represent the hard years. Once upon a time, no matter the father's hoe and wine, the mother's oil surface and matches, or the children's pen and paper and candy, they could not get around the supply and marketing cooperatives. In fact, it never disappeared, It just fluctuates with the changes of the times.

author | Feng Chenchen

Half a month ago, a report in Hubei Daily stated that "Hubei Grassroots Supply and Marketing Cooperatives have been restored and rebuilt to1373The report, which basically covers townships throughout the province, has sparked heated discussions. In addition, provinces and cities such as Ningxia and Chongqing have recently released similar news, placing the name of supply and marketing cooperatives, which has been out of public view for decades, once again in the spotlight.

At the same time, the capital market has also begun to "hype up" the concept of supply and marketing cooperatives. by11month3On the same day, two of the leading stocks, Swan Holdings and Zhongnong United, have already gained profits4Connect the board.

Supply and marketing cooperatives not only carry the memories of several generations, but also represent those quite difficult years. Against such a historical background, some are surprised, some are excited, and some are curious about "what signal does supply and marketing cooperatives release when they return to the world".

In fact, supply and marketing cooperatives not only have not disappeared, but also in the last century90In the late s, through market-oriented reforms, losses were turned into profits, and a comprehensive industrial chain layout from production to processing, to transportation and sales was established nationwide, silently building a huge industrial landscape.

Minsheng Securities11month2A research report released on the day stated, "After the market-oriented reform, County and above supply and marketing cooperatives are mainly composed of government agencies and public institutions, with a proportion exceeding9Most grassroots cooperatives are market-oriented enterprises. Therefore, in recent years, the focus of accelerating the development of supply and marketing cooperatives has also been to restore the development of grassroots cooperatives. “

Since we have never left, how can we talk about returning to the world of martial arts.

amount to50Ge Guomei Retail

The full name of a supply and marketing cooperative is a rural supply and marketing cooperative, belonging to the All China Supply and Marketing Cooperative Association, which100%The holding company, China Supply and Marketing Group Co., Ltd., was established in2010Year, registered capital122100 million yuan, with a total asset of up to1500100 million yuan and possessing11Wholly owned and holding companies, among which holding3There are three listed companies, namely Zhongzaizi Huan, Zhongnong Lihua, and Zhongnong Lianhe.

by11month3At the close of the day, the above3The total market value of each listed company is69.57100 million68Yihe36.83100 million yuan, total174One billion yuan, equivalent to well-known institutions such as Bank of Qingdao and PacificAThe market value of a stock company. As a constituent stock of the concept of supply and marketing cooperatives, Huilong Group and Xinli Finance, with the actual controller being Anhui Province Supply and Marketing Cooperative Union, have also gained the same benefits4The actual controller of Swan Holdings in Lianban is the Shandong Province Supply and Marketing Cooperative Association

According to the official website, China Supply and Marketing Group's current business focuses on five major areas: agricultural production, residential consumption, renewable resource recycling and processing, e-commerce, and financial services.2021In, the National Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives and the entire system achieved total sales throughout the year6.26Trillion yuan, year-on-year growth18.9%。 In the same year, the total volume of Gross merchandise volume of Gome retail（GMV）The scale is1468One hundred million yuan, only equivalent to approximately1/50。

In fact, supply and marketing cooperatives can create such high performance compared to those under the China Supply and Marketing Group11It is related to a wholly-owned or controlled enterprise with considerable background. With the support of these companies, China Supply and Marketing Group not only has a long-term leading position in traditional fields such as fertilizers and cotton, but also has made efforts in fields such as e-commerce, cold chain logistics, and rural financial services.

In the traditional field, Zhongnong Group, which mainly focuses on fertilizer wholesale, not only has a 10000 ton wharf, but also has over2000Annual sales of 10000 tons of fertilizers account for approximately16%While controlling the market share100China Cotton Group, which has multiple Xinjiang ginning factories, is the largest cotton enterprise in China. As for China Recycling Company, which focuses on resource recycling and utilization,2020The annual turnover exceeds300RMB100mn

In addition, the establishment time is relatively short (established in2019China's supply and marketing cold chain logistics in2021Achieved over160Accumulated revenue of 100 million yuan and nationwide13Owned by provinces and cities31A warehousing and logistics base project, created by Chinese supply and marketing e-commerce companies832Platform, the number of settled suppliers has exceeded2Wanjia, with a breakthrough in cumulative transaction volume230RMB100mn

It can be said that China Supply and Marketing Group has established a full industrial chain layout from production to processing, to transportation and sales, controlling the entire production process in its own hands, not only better controlling costs, but also conducive to the rapid allocation of materials. After undergoing a series of reforms and development, supply and marketing cooperatives have undergone tremendous changes, which are vastly different from the perception of many older generations.

The Development Road of Centennial Supply and Marketing Cooperatives

Supply and marketing cooperatives are products of the planned economy era.

In that era of relative scarcity of materials, supply and marketing cooperatives not only undertook the mission of buying and selling daily necessities such as industrial products and agricultural by-products, but also played an important role in stabilizing the market and ensuring supply, and provided significant assistance for farmers' production and life. Whether it's the father's hoe and wine, the mother's oil noodles and foreign fire, or the child's paper, pen, and candy, they all cannot be separated from the supply and marketing cooperatives.

The earliest cooperative in China can be traced back to1922The Anyuan Road and Mining Workers' Consumption Cooperative, established in, was mainly engaged in selling simple fabrics and daily necessities, and now it happens to have100Years of history.

However, the well-known supply and marketing cooperatives come from1950The All China Cooperative Federation, established in, was soon renamed the All China Supply and Marketing Cooperative Federation. Its earliest positioning was as a cooperative economic organization for farmers to provide self service, with the most basic unit being farmers, namely members.

Due to the scarcity of resources at that time, supply and marketing cooperatives developed rapidly nationwide and gradually formed a crisscrossing distribution network, becoming the main channel for the circulation of goods among farmers. reach1957In, grassroots supply and marketing cooperatives nationwide reached1.9Ten thousand, there are30%The rural population has become members, and the employees of supply and marketing cooperatives have also reached16810000 people.

In rural China, there has never been an organization with such a large and sound organizational system as a supply and marketing cooperative.

Due to various factors, since the last century50Since the late s, the development of supply and marketing cooperatives has become difficult, not only unable to form effective resource sharing and division of labor within the system, but also experiencing phenomena such as chaotic management and poor commodity circulation. The characteristics and advantages of cooperative systems have gradually been lost.

Du Yintang, from the China Institute of Social Sciences and Rural Development, once pointed out in his article "Cooperative System and Reform of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives" that supply and marketing cooperatives are not agents for members to sell agricultural products or purchase agricultural materials, but rather provide agricultural materials, purchase agricultural products, and organize agricultural production on behalf of the state. Despite several changes in the system, they have not broken through the framework of "state-owned rural commerce" or represent rural commerce for the state.

Moreover, with the gradual transition from China's planned economy to a socialist market economy, many members of the supply and marketing cooperatives that have controlled farmers' buying and selling for decades are still in the original state of low purchase prices and indifferent sales, and cannot change for a while. In the impact of the market economy and the emotions of farmers, they gradually fade out of the public's sight. The catchphrase 'the yard is big, the house is dilapidated, and it looks like a supply and marketing cooperative' has also begun to spread.

Although it is no longer being talked about as usual, it does not mean that the supply and marketing cooperatives will disappear. In the following period, as losses and liabilities are gradually cleared, the supply and marketing cooperatives ultimately turned losses into profits after multiple reforms.2000At the end of the year, the supply and marketing cooperative achieved profits13.77100 million yuan, ending consecutive8The embarrassing situation of annual losses, and2002Achieved doubling in the year, reaching28.6RMB100mn

More like a large chain group

The wheels of history are rolling forward, and supply and marketing cooperatives are also constantly growing. The reform of supply and marketing cooperatives is actually a microcosm of the development of China's market economy.

With the continuous advancement of reform, the supply and marketing cooperatives in the new era are no longer synonymous with small shops, but have long lost their strong administrative attributes and become corporate enterprises. The biggest characteristic of such enterprises is their independent operation and self responsibility for profits and losses. This means that the current supply and marketing cooperative is more like a large chain group, and linking it to the planned economy is a complete misunderstanding.

In this regard, some netizens believe that "we can refer to postal and other private enterprises in the express delivery industry. The existence of supply and marketing cooperatives is nothing more than an additional supermarket for the public to choose from." "Based on the experience of these two years, it is not enough to rely solely on the market to solve unexpected situations. However, improving a country's participation in the supply chain can quickly respond to crises, which is the significance of supply and marketing cooperatives today.

The opinions of netizens are not unreasonable, but they are actually only a small part of the significance of the existence of supply and marketing cooperatives.

In the view of Tang Lixia, Deputy Secretary General of the National Institute of Rural Revitalization at China Agricultural University, there are three benefits to the resumption of the role of supply and marketing cooperatives. They can not only connect the relationship between emerging business entities and the market, provide stable support for agricultural material supply and agricultural product sales, but also provide custody management services for small farmers and others. In addition, besides "supply", supply and marketing cooperatives also "sell". Their e-commerce platforms rely on their own network reachability in villages to increase circulation channels for agricultural products.

No matter how the reform is carried out or how the business model is transformed, the initial stance of the supply and marketing cooperative has never changed.

As early as this year5Before the term 'supply and marketing cooperatives' became popular on the internet, the official WeChat account of the All China Cooperative Supply and Marketing Corporation published an article titled' You can always trust supply and marketing cooperatives', stating that whether it is in an era of material scarcity or today with abundant resources, the masses must have the services of supply and marketing cooperatives to ensure that agricultural supplies are available and that there are people on the land, so that the Chinese people's rice bowl is in their hands, You can always believe in the original mission of the supply and marketing cooperative, serving agriculture, farming, and surnamed agriculture.

Actually, in the last century90The notice on solving several prominent problems in current supply and marketing cooperatives issued in the s pointed out that the main task of supply and marketing cooperatives is to establish and improve the agricultural socialized service system, provide good services for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, promote rural economic development, meet the actual needs of farmers' production and life, improve farmers' income levels, and connect the dispersed operation of thousands of households with the large market, Becoming a reliable force for farmers to enter the market

China Supply and Marketing Group also revealed on its official website that it will continue to focus on its main business in the future2025In, it became a leading enterprise in the field of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, a pioneer in the comprehensive reform of supply and marketing cooperatives and the revitalization of rural areas. It has developed into a comprehensive and large-scale enterprise group, playing a crucial role in agricultural socialized services and modern rural circulation systems.

In this way, the supply and marketing cooperatives of today and the future have already evolved into a "big change" with the times.

(Except for separately labeled sources, the above images are from Visual China)