据研究结果表明,80%以上的人会选择第二个选项。但是根据预期效用最大化理论,理性的投资人能够算出选项1的预期回报是$1250美元,而选项2yes$1200美元。那么号称是“理性”的投资人为什么还会选择预期回报较小的选项呢?总的来说,投资人在面对众多选择的时候,尽管这些选项的预期效用几乎相等,但是投资人会更讨厌确定性更低的选项。这就是著名的展望理论(Prospect Theory),又称作亏损厌恶( Loss Aversion )。
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